针对城建基坑环境复杂、通视性差，常影响水平位移监测的问题，该文提出了一种非设站型监测方法。该方法通过灵活设置基准点和全站仪位置，利用边交会方法实现监测点的坐标精确测量。实验结果表明：采用高精度全站仪，在测距不大于300 m,监测点与两基准点的夹角在16°～164°时，可达到三等水平位移监测要求；在60°～120°时，可达到二等水平位移监测要求。该方法有效降低了监测成本，提高了监测效率。

Aiming at the problems of complex environment and poor visibility of urban foundation pit construction, which often affect horizontal displacement monitoring, this paper proposes a non-station-based monitoring method. This method allows for flexible placement of reference points and total stations, and uses the side intersection method to accurately determine the coordinates of monitoring points. The results show that using the high precision total station, the method meets Class Ⅲ horizontal displacement monitoring standards when the ranging distance is ≤300 m and the angle between the monitoring point and the two reference points ranges from 16° to 164°. For angles between 60° to 120°, it satisfies Class Ⅱ horizontal displacement monitoring requirements. The method effectively reduces monitoring costs and improves efficiency